Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr.,
ONH (17 August 1887 – 10 June 1940)
[1] was a Jamaican
publisher,
journalist,
entrepreneur, and
orator who was a staunch proponent of the
Black Nationalism and
Pan-Africanism movements, to which end he founded the
Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (
UNIA-ACL).
[2] He founded the
Black Star Line, part of the
Back-to-Africa movement, which promoted the return of the African diaspora to their ancestral lands.
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